In Vitro Methods for Assessing Acute Toxicity: Biokinetic Determinations 46 In Vitro Methods for Assessing Acute Toxicity: Biokinetic Determinations 47 3.0 IN VITRO METHODS FOR ASSESSING ACUTE TOXICITY: BIOKINETIC DETERMINATIONS
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Acute Venom Toxicity Determinations for Five Iranian Vipers and a Scorpion
Background: Poisoning due to the bites and stings of venomous snakes and scorpions is a neglected public health problem, particularly in rural areas. Poor health facilities and inadequate knowledge of health care personnel are the major factors that result in envenomated human victims not receiving adequate care and medical attention. There is a great need for up-to-date and effective healthcar...
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In the search for methods to evaluate the toxicological risk of chemicals without employing animal experimentation, much emphasis has been put on the replacement of acute toxicity (LD50) determinations. One important assumption was that acute toxicity is related to a compound’s basal cytotoxicity (Ekwall, 1983). In previous programmes, the feasibility of the use of in vitro cytotoxicity data fo...
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Toxicity tests are commonly used as a tool to determine the standards of water quality for chemicals and to discover appropriate organisms as bioindicators in toxicological studies, and also could be used as an essential tool for evaluation of the pollutant effects in aquatic ecosystems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity of two Caspian fish species, Caspian trout as a...
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The purposes of acute toxicity testing are to obtain information on the biologic activity of a chemical and gain insight into its mechanism of action. The information on acute systemic toxicity generated by the test is used in hazard identification and risk management in the context of production, handling, and use of chemicals. The LD50 value, defined as the statistically derived dose that, wh...
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Toxicity testing is conducted to determine the potential human health hazards of chemicals and products. Acute systemic toxicity testing is used to properly classify and appropriately label materials with regard to their lethality potential in accordance with established regulatory requirements (49 CFR 173; 16 CFR 1500; 29 CFR 1910; 40 CFR 156). Non-lethal parameters may also be evaluated in ac...
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